Institutional Innovation to facilitate low-cost organic certification- How participatory guarantee systems work in Vietnam

Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) and short organic supply chains have emerged as promising solutions for smallholder farmers to provide organic produce to nearby consumers. PGS is an institutional innovation that builds trust among producers, traders and consumers through a low-cost transparent and participatory certification mechanism. They have particularly gained a footholders farmers in middle-income countries, where third party certification costs are often unaffordable.

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